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There are a number of antidepressant drugs currently on the
market. The older antidepressants, known as Tricyclics and
MAOI's (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors), tend to be prescribed
less often than the newer SSRI's (Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitors). This is because the SSRI antidepressants are
thought to have fewer side effects and reduced toxicity in
overdose.
Typical drugs within the SSRI category are Seroxat, Cipramil,
and Prozac. 5 There are a number initial and on-going
side-effects associated with these drugs including nausea, sleep
problems, headache, restlessness, fever, sweating, dizziness,
sedation and sexual dysfunction. Virginal bleeding has also been
reported after withdrawal of SSRI's. The severity of any
side-effects/withdrawal effects may be dependant on the length
of time the drugs are taken and the dosage.
The neurotransmitter, Serotonin, is thought to have an effect on
mood - although, its function is not fully understood.
Therefore, the efficacy (effectiveness) of the Selective
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI's) is also not fully
understood. However, it is thought that by increasing serotonin
levels in the brain, it may be possible to lift depressed
feelings or low mood.
Current theory about these antidepressants is that they act
within the brain to restrict the reuptake (reabsorption) of
Serotonin back into the original nerve cell once the
neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) has jumped between one
nerve cell and the next. By preventing the natural reabsorption
of serotonin, the neurotransmitter remains in the gap (synapse)
between nerve cells and floods the system - thus increasing
serotonin levels.
It is clearly a personal choice whether or not to take
antidepressants drugs and to balance the risks against the
possible benefits. Although, given our limited knowledge of the
human brain and its delicate and complex nature it may be worth
questioning the wisdom of attempting to alter its natural
balance by artificial means.
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